Isotopes
Five naturally occurring isotopes of tungsten exist. They are tungsten-180, tungsten-182, tungsten-183, ungsten-184, and tungsten-186. Isotopes are two or more forms of an element. Isotopes differ from each other according to their mass number. The number written to the right of the element's name is the mass number. The mass number represents the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of the element. The number of protons determines the element, but the number of neutrons in the atom of any one element can vary. Each variation is an isotope.
About a dozen radioactive isotopes of tungsten are known also. A radioactive isotope is one that breaks apart and gives off some form of radiation. Radioactive isotopes are produced when very small particles are fired at atoms. These particles stick in the atoms and make them radioactive.
None of the radioactive isotopes of tungsten has any important commercial use.
Extraction
Tungsten metal can be obtained by heating tungsten oxide (WO3) with aluminum:
It also results from passing hydrogen gas over hot tungstic acid (H2WO4).

没有评论:
发表评论